Shaheed Udham singh biography - biography of udham singh

 

Shaheed Udham singh

Shaheed Udham singh biography - biography of udham singh

Shaheed Udham Singh was an Indian revolutionary who is known for the murder of Dyer, the former Lieutenant Governor of Punjab in British India. He was assassinated by Udham Singh on 13 March 1940. It is said that he committed this murder to avenge the Jallianwala Bagh massacre in Amritsar in 1919.

Shaheed Udham Singh is a well-known face in the Indian independence campaign. Local people also know him by the name of Shahid-e-Azam Sardar Udham Singh. In October 1995, the Mayawati Government named a district in Uttarakhand (Udham Singh Nagar) after him.

Sardar Udham Singh was born on 26 December 1899 in a Sikh family in Sunam village in Sangrur district of Punjab state. Sardar Udham Singh's mother died in 1901, two years after his birth and father Sardar Tejpal Singh was an employee of the railway who died in 1907, 8 years after the birth of Udham Singh. In this way.

Now after the death of his parents, Udham Singh's elder brother Mukta Singh Udham Singh was admitted to the Khalsa Orphanage in Amritsar. Shaheed Udham Singh's name was Sher Singh in childhood, but he was named Udham Singh after giving Sikh initiation rites in the orphanage. He left the orphanage in 1919 after passing the matriculation examination in 1918.

On 13 April 1919, local leaders organized a huge gathering in Jallianwala Bagh to protest against the Rowlatt Act of the British. Due to this Rowlatt Act, the basic rights of Indians were being violated. Around 20,000 unarmed protesters had gathered at the Jallianwala Bagh in Amritsar at that time. At that time Udham Singh was engaged in arranging water for that huge gathering.

Participation in freedom movement

In the history of the independence movement, the day of April 1919 is immersed in tears, when the British opened indiscriminate fire on unarmed Indians gathering in Jallianwala Bagh in Amritsar and killed hundreds of innocent people. Among the dead were the milch children clinging to their mothers' chests, the old people dreaming of the country's freedom in the evening of life, and the youth who were ready to loot themselves for the country. This incident shook Udham Singh and he decided to avenge the British. 'Udham Singh alias Ram Mohammad Azad Singh', who laid the foundation of Hindu, Muslim and Sikh unity, considered General Michael Odaire, who was then the governor of Punjab province, responsible for the incident. On the order of the Governor, Brigadier General Reginald Edward Harry Dyer surrounded the Jallianwala Bagh with 90 soldiers and opened fire with machine guns.

Udham Singh inspired by the thoughts of Shaheed Bhagat Singh

Shaheed Udham Singh was greatly influenced by Bhagat Singh's actions and his revolutionary group. 1935 When he visited Kashmir, he was captured with a photograph of Bhagat Singh. He was considered an accomplice of Bhagat Singh without any offense and Bhagat Singh as his mentor. Udham Singh loved singing patriotic songs and was very fond of songs by Ram Prasad Bismil, a great poet of revolutionaries.

Udham Singh jailed

Shaheed Udham Singh thought of taking revenge due to the rage and grief of this incident. He soon left India and went to America. He learned about the Babbar Akali Movement in the early 1920s and returned to India. He came in hiding with a pistol, due to which he was arrested by the Amritsar police when caught. Due to this he was jailed for 4 years for possessing unlicensed pistol.

After his release from jail, after this he came to live in his permanent residence Sunam, but the British police there persecuted him, due to which he moved to Amritsar. In Amritsar, Udham Singh opened a shop in which a painter's board was placed and Ram Mohammad Singh Azad started living in the name of Ram Muhammad Singh Azad. Udham Singh had chosen this name in such a way that names of all religions were present in it.

Michael O'Dwyer shot dead

Shaheed Udham Singh was an eyewitness to the Jallianwala Bagh massacre that took place on 13 April 1919. The exact number of people killed in Jallianwala Bagh could never be revealed due to political reasons. With this incident, Udham Singh took the pledge of Jallianwala Bagh in his hands to teach Michael O Dyer a lesson. To carry out his mission, Udham Singh traveled to Africa, Nairobi, Brazil and America by various names. In 1934, Udham Singh reached London and resided there at 9, Elder Street Commercial Road. There he bought a car for the purpose of travel and also a revolver with six bullets to complete his mission. This heroic revolutionary of India waited for the right time to establish Michael O Dyer's whereabouts.

In 1940, Udham Singh got the chance to avenge the deaths of hundreds of his siblings. On 13 March 1940, 21 years after the Jallianwala Bagh massacre, the Royal Central Asian Society had a meeting at Caxton Hall in London where Michael O Dyer was also one of the speakers. Udham Singh reached the meeting place on that day itself. He hide his revolver in a thick book. For this, he had cut the pages of the book into the shape of a revolver in such a way that Dior's life-threatening weapon. 

Martyrdom

On 4 June 1940, Udham Singh was convicted of Dyer's murder and on 31 July 1940, he was hanged in 'Pentonville Jail'. Thus, it became immortal by giving its martyrdom in the history of revolutionary Indian freedom struggle. On 31 July 1974, the British handed over his remains to India. Udham Singh's ashes were brought to India with honors. His tomb remains in his village.

Bipin chandra Pal Biography - Biography of Bipin Chandra Pal

Bipin chandra Pal

Name: Bipin chandra Ram Chandra Pal.
Born: 7 November 1858.
Father: Ramachandra.
Mother: Narayanidevi.
Marriage: Remarriage with widow after death of first wife.

Bipin Chandra Pal was an Indian revolutionary, teacher, journalist and writer. Pal is one of the great personalities who played a major role in laying the foundation of India's independence movement. He was part of the famous Lal-Bal-Pal (Lala Lajpat Rai, Balgangadhar Tilak and Bipin Chandra Pal) trio. This trio shook the cradles of English rule with its sharp attack. Bipin chandra Pal was a nationalist leader as well as a teacher, journalist, writer and a great speaker. He is also considered the father of revolutionary ideas in India.

Initial life:

At the age of 16, Bipin Chandra entered the Brahmin society. In 1876, Shivnath Shastrien Pal gave him the plight of the Brahmin society. To be a follower of Brahmin society, who did not believe in idol worship, it was believed that people of old ideas were half Christian. Ram Chandra Pal got to know all this and then he got very angry. He broke up with his son. He used to do the work of the Brahmin community with great devotion. In Cuttack, Mhasur and Sylhet, he had given a teacher's place. The progress of Indian society would be due to education, he believed.

In 1880 Bipin Chandra published the Bengali weekly of this name 'Parishdak' in this place, similarly after coming to Kolkata, he was taken to the Board of Editor of 'Bengal Public Opinion'. In 1887, Bipin Chandra attended the Madras Session of the National Congress for the first time. The speech of the place 'Against the armed forces' was exciting and inspiring. In 1887 - 88, he edited Lahore's Tribune.

        In 1900, Bipin Chandra Pal went to England to do a comparative practice of Indian philosophy. He brought out the name of 'Swarajya' for Indians there. After coming to Kolkata from England in 1905, he started running an English weekly called 'New India'. In 1905, Governor General Lord Curzon partitioned Bengal. He opposed this division along with Lokmanya Tilak, Lala Lajpat Rai Jahal leaders. Awakening in the country Movements started all over the country against the British government. Out of that, in the Indian kingdom, these hairs have emerged.

Political life:

In 1886, he joined the Congress Party. In the Madras Session of Congress in 1887, he demanded immediate removal of the 'Arms Act' implemented by the British Government because the Act was discriminatory. He was part of the famous Lal-Bal-Pal (Lala Lajpat Rai, Bal Gangadhar Tilak and Bipin Chandra Pal) trio. All three fueled revolutionary sentiments and also participated in revolutionary activities themselves. Pal and Aurobindo Ghosh promoted a nationalism whose ideals were complete Swaraj, Swadeshi, boycott of foreign goods and national education.

Pal also founded the revolutionary magazine 'Bande Mataram'. After Tilak's arrest and the Swadeshi movement, he went to England after the oppressive policy of the British. There, he joined the 'India House' (which was founded by Shyamji Krishna Varma) of the revolutionary Vidhara stream and started the publication of 'Swaraj' magazine. When the revolutionary Madan Lal Dhingra killed Curzon Wylie in 1909, the publication of 'Swaraj' was stopped and he faced a lot of problems in London. After this incident, Bipin Chandra Pal distanced himself from the radical ideology.

This trio of Lala Lajpat Rai, Balgangadhar Tilak and Bipin Chandra Pal (Lal-Bal-Pal) agitated against the British rule in 1905 in protest against the partition of Bengal, which received widespread public support. Known for 'hot' ideas, these leaders devised many ways to bring their point to the then foreign ruler who were completely new. These methods include boycott of finished products in Britain, avoiding clothing made in Manchester mills, strike in industrial and commercial establishments, etc.

He felt that due to foreign products, the economy of the country is going down, and the work of the people here is being snatched away. He also put forward this idea in his movement. The rise of the 'hot faction' is considered important during the national movement as it gave a new direction to the movement and increased awareness among the people.

In 1905 he addressed several meetings during the break-up. The boycott of foreign goods led to a rapid movement. In 1907, he was sent to jail after being tried for treason against Vande Mataram Patra for preparing anti-British public opinion. As soon as released, he intensified his movement. In 1908, Swarajya Patrika was released from England. He returned to India when this was banned. Started Hindu review paper here. He did not believe in pleading before the British government. The generation of Bengal had joined them with their revolutionary ideas. Such revolutionary died in 1932.

Pal, who was the founder of 'Vande Mataram' magazine, was also a big social reformer who married a widow despite family opposition. Pal went to England at the time of the arrest of Bal Gangadhar Tilak and the repression run by the British Government in 1907. He joined the 'India House' of the revolutionary Vidhara stream there and started 'Swaraj Patrika'. The publication of his magazine ceased due to the murder of Curzon Wylie in 1909 by Madan Lal Dhingra and he had to undergo a lot of mental stress in London. After this incident, he broke away from the radical ideology and proposed the concept of union of independent countries. Pal also criticized Mahatma Gandhi on several occasions.

Idea 

Shri Bipin Chandra Pal was a strong advocate of militant nationalism. In 1907, when Arvind was tried for treason and was called for testimony, he refused and was imprisoned for 6 months. Fearlessness was the power of his thoughts. He used to say- "Slavery is against the human soul. God has made all beings free. "

        He emphasized on the use of indigenous goods. He was an advocate of ancient Indian pride. Impressed by the ideas of the Brahmo Samaj, he also supported widow marriage. Married a child widow himself and presented a model. He envisioned a society devoid of caste, class, religion, community, which would provide equal rights and facilities to all citizens.

        He felt that due to foreign products, the economy of the country was going down, and even the work of the people was being snuffed out, so in his movement, he also put forward this idea. The rise of the 'hot faction' is considered important during the national movement, as it gave a new direction to the movement and raised awareness among the Indian public. Bipin Chandra Pal was sentenced to six months for refusing to testify against Maharishi Arvind during the freedom movement. Bipin Chandra Pal, who worked for the national interest throughout his life, went to heaven on May 20, 1932, at the feet of Mother India, renouncing all his life.

Writing:

• Viewer 1880

• Bengal Public Opinion 1882

• Tribune in Lahore 1887

• The New India 1892

• The Independent,

• India 1901

• Vande Mataram 1906, 1907

• Swaraj 1908 –1911,

• The Hindu Review 1913

• The Democrat 1919, 1920,

• Bengali 1924, 1925

Death:

         On 20 May 1932, this great revolutionary died in Kolkata. He separated from politics around 1922 and remained aloof until his death.

Bal Gangadhar Tilak

Biography of Bal Gangadhar Tilak | Bal Gangadhar Tilak Biography

Real Name Bal Gangadhar Tilak

Born 23 July 1856

Birthplace Chikhalgaon, Ratnagiri, Maharashtra

Father gangadharpant

Mata Parvatibai

Wife satyabhamabai

Son Sridhar Balwant, Vishwanath Balwant, Rambhau Balwant

Education B.A., LL.B.

Business freedom fighter, politician

Citizenship indian

Why is Bal Gangadhar Tilak significant?

Bal Gangadhar Tilak is considered the father of the Indian freedom struggle. He was rich in versatility. He was a social reformer, freedom fighter, national leader as well as scholar in subjects like Indian history, Sanskrit, Hinduism, mathematics and astronomy. Bal Gangadhar Tilak was also known as 'Lokmanya'. During the freedom movement, his slogan 'Swaraj is my birthright and I will take it' inspired millions of Indians. Freedom Fighter Bal Gangadhar Tilak

Bal Gangadhar Tilak Early Life:

Bal Gangadhar Tilak was born on 23 July 1856 in a Chitpavan Brahmin clan in Ratnagiri, Maharashtra. His father Gangadhar Ramchandra Tilak was a Sanskrit scholar and an eminent teacher. Tilak was a talented student and had a special love for mathematics. Since childhood, he was a strong opponent of injustice and used to say his words clearly without hesitation. Tilak was also one of the first generation Indian youth to receive modern education.

What were Bal Gangadhar Tilak's beliefs?

When Tilak was just 10 years old, his father's transfer from Ratnagiri to Pune. This change also brought a lot of change in his life. His mother died soon after coming to Pune and his father also passed away when Tilak was 16 years old. Bal Gangadhar Tilak Biography

Bal Gangadhar Tilak Education:

His early education took place at the Anglo-Vernacular School in Pune, where he received education from some of the well-known teachers of the time. He enrolled in Deccan College. In 1877, Bal Gangadhar Tilak passed the BA examination with first class in mathematics. He went ahead and received his LLB degree while continuing his studies.

Bal Gangadhar Tilak Marriage:

He was married to 10-year-old Satyabhama. They had three children named Sridhar Balwant Tilak, Vishwanath Balwant Tilak, Rambhau Balwant Tilak. Bal Gangadhar Tilak Biography

Bal Gangadhar Tilak Journalism Career:

Tilak became a mathematics teacher at a private school in Pune. Shortly thereafter, he left school and became a journalist. At this time Bal Gangadhar ji was very much disturbed by the activities going on in the country, he wanted to raise his voice for this in a big way. Tilak was a great critic of western education system.

How was Bal Gangadhar Tilak educated?

This, they believed, degraded Indian students, and misrepresented the Indian culture. After some thought, they reach the same conclusion that a good citizen can become one only when he gets good education.

Establishment of Kesari (Lokmnaya Tilak):

He along with his friend formed the Deccan Education Society to improve education in India. The following year, Tilak also started producing two newspapers. There was one, 'Kesari' which was a weekly newspaper in Marathi, the other was 'Mahratta' it was a weekly English newspaper. In a short span of time, both these newspapers became very famous.

In his newspaper Tilak used to write more on the plight of India. He used to print photographs of people's sufferings and real events. Gangadhar Ji used to say that come forward and fight for your rights. Bal Gangadhar Tilak used furious language to incite the Indians.

Lokmanya Tilak begins celebrating Ganpati Festival:

Bal Gangadhar Tilak was the Maharashtrian leader who voiced against the British during the British rule, fully embodied in Indian culture and traditions. They wanted to develop the country along with religious and social development. He started the Ganapati festival in 1893 to bind Hindus in the country in one thread.

Bal Gangadhar Tilak Political Career:

Bal Gangadhar joined the Bharatiya National Congress in 1890 to raise his voice against the British. The British knew Gangadhar as the first Indian politician of Mahatma Gandhi. He was a member of the Pune Municipal Council and the Bombay Legislature. Tilak was a great social reformer. He opposed child marriage and supported widow remarriage.

How did Bal Gangadhar Tilak become important?

In 1897, a charge sheet was filed for spreading unrest and speaking out against the government through his speech on Tilak. For which Tilak was send to jail and after two and a half years he came out in 1898. The British government referred to him as the 'father of Indian unrest'.

Swadeshi Movement (Lokmanya Tilak Swadeshi Movement):

After coming out of jail, Tilak started the Swadeshi movement. Through newspapers and speeches, he used to convey his talk to every village of Maharashtra. Tilak also built a large indigenous market in front of his house. Through the Swadeshi movement, they boycotted all foreign goods, and asked people to join it.

At this time, differences within the Congress Party had increased, due to differences of opinion, they were divided into two parts, Moderates and Extremists. The hot hair was run by Gangadhar Tilak, while the moderate was run by Gopal Krishna. Both were opposed to each other but the aim was one, independence of India. Bal Gangadhar Tilak began to support Bipin Chandra Pal of Bengal and Lala Lajpat Rai of Punjab, hence the trio of these three became known as 'Lala-Bal-Pal'.

In 1909, Tilak in his paper Kesari immediately spoke of Swaraj, after which he was accused of treason. He was then jailed for 6 years, and was sent to Burma. Here in prison, he used to read many books, as well as he wrote the book 'The Secret of Geeta'. Tilak came out of jail on 8 June 1916.

After coming from jail, Tilak joined the 1916 Congress Party. They kept trying to reunite the two Congress parties. For this he also tried to convince Mahatma Gandhi not to fully support non-violence, but also to think about Swaraj. He formed his own party 'Home Rule League'. After this, Tilak traveled all over the country and tried to add Swaraj movement to everyone.

Bal Gangadhar Tilak Creations:

Orion in 1893

The Arctic Home in the Veda in 1903

Geeta Mystery in 1915

Bal Gangadhar Tilak Death:

Lokmanya Bal Gangadhar Tilak organized more than 100 meetings to clarify the objectives of the league. In 1919, he criticized the Jallianwala Bagh murder case through his writings and appealed to continue the boycott movement. By 1920, they had become very weak. On August 1, 1920, this great priest of freedom took his last leave from this world. Paying tribute to him, Mahatma Gandhi named him the creator of modern India and Sardar Patel the father of the Indian revolution.

Lala Lajpat Rai Biography Death

Lala Lajpat Rai Biography Death

Lala Lajpat Rai Biography In English

When Was Lala Lajpat Rai Born Or Died ?
BORN: 28 January 1865
When Lala Lajpat Rai Died  17 November 1928

Achievements: Establishment of Indian Home League Society in America, President of Congress in 1920

What is the history of Lala Lajpat Rai?

Lala Lajpat Rai was one of the main revolutionaries fighting against British rule in India. He was known as Punjab Kesari (Lion of Punjab) and was one of the three prominent leaders of the Congress's Garam Dal Lal-Bal-Pal (Lala Lajpat Rai, Bal Gangadhar Tilak and Bipin Chandra Pal). He also founded Punjab National Bank (PNB) and Laxmi Insurance Company. Lala Lajpat Rai influenced many revolutionaries and one of them was Shaheed Bhagat Singh. In 1928, during the protest against the Simon Commission, he was badly injured in the lathi-charge and on 17 November 1928 went to the other world.

EARLY LIFE

Lala Lajpat Rai was born on 28 January 1865 in Dudhekhe village which is presently located in Moga district of Punjab. He was the eldest son of Munshi Radha Kishan Azad and Gulab Devi. His father was a Baniya caste Aggarwal. His mother had taught him high moral values ​​since childhood.

Lala Lajpat Rai enrolled in a government school in Lahore in 1889 for studies in law. During college he came in contact with patriots and future freedom fighters like Lala Hansraj and Pandit Gurudutt. The trio became good friends and joined the Arya Samaj founded by Swami Dayanand Saraswati.

Political life

In the year 1885, he passed the second class advocacy examination from a government college and started his advocacy in Hisar. Apart from advocacy, Lalaji collected funds for Dayanand College, participated in Arya Samaj functions and Congress activities. He was elected a member and secretary of the Municipality of Hisar. He moved to Lahore in 1892.

What are the qualities of Lala Lajpat Rai?

Lala Lajpat Rai was one of the three prominent Hindu nationalist leaders of the Indian National Congress. He was part of the Lal-Bal-Pal trio. Bal Gangadhar Tilak and Bipin Chandra Pal were the other two members of this trio. He formed the Garam Dal in the Indian National Congress to oppose the soft party (earlier headed by Gopal Krishna Gokhale). Lalaji participated in the movement against the partition of Bengal. He, along with Surendra Nath Banerjee, Bipin Chandra Pal and Arvind Ghosh, united the people in Bengal and other parts of the country for a vigorous campaign for Swadeshi. Lala Lajpat Rai was arrested on 3 May 1907 for causing unrest in Rawalpindi and was released on 11 November 1907 after spending six months in Mandalay jail.

Who is known as Punjab Kesari of Punjab?  Lala Lajpat Rai

The freedom struggle had taken a revolutionary turn, so Lalaji wanted the real situation of India to be propagated in other countries as well. For this purpose he went to Britain in 1914. At the same time World War I broke out due to which he could not return to India and then went to the United States to get support for India. He founded the Indian Home League of America and wrote a book called "Young India". Through the book, he made serious allegations about British rule in India and hence it was banned before being published in Britain and India. He returned to India only after the end of the World War in 1920.

After returning, Lala Lajpat Rai led protests and non-cooperation movement in Punjab against the Jallianwala Bagh massacre. During this time, he was also arrested many times. He did not agree with Gandhiji's decision to stop the Non-Cooperation Movement due to the Chauri Chaura incident and he founded the Congress Independence Party.

 

How Lala Lajpat Rai Died?

In 1928, the British government decided to send the Simon Commission to India to discuss constitutional reforms. There was disappointment and anger among all the people as there was no Indian member in the commission. When the commission came to India in 1929, it was opposed all over India. Lala Lajpat Rai himself led a procession against the Simon Commission. Though the procession was taken out peacefully, the British government ruthlessly got the procession charged with sticks. Lala Lajpat Rai suffered severe head injuries and due to which he died on 17 November 1928.

Chandrashekhar Azad Biography

Chandrashekhar Azad Biography 

Chandrashekhar Azad Biography 

Born: 23 July 1906

Died: 27 February 1931

Achievements: Indian revolutionaries, Kakori train robbery (1926), Viceroy's attempt to blow the train (1926), fired on Saunders to avenge the death of Lala Lajpat Rai (1928), together with Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev and Rajguru Hindustan Samajwadi Republic constituted

What is the story of Chandrashekhar Azad?

Chandrashekhar Azad was a great Indian revolutionary. His fierce patriotism and courage inspired the people of his generation to participate in the freedom struggle. Chandrashekhar Azad was an advisor to Bhagat Singh, and a great freedom fighter and along with Bhagat Singh is considered one of the greatest revolutionaries of India.

When and where Chandrashekhar died?

EARLY LIFE (Chandrashekhar Azad Biography)

Was Chandrashekhar Azad married?

Chandrashekhar Azad was born on 23 July 1906 in Badar village of Unnao district, Uttar Pradesh. His father was Pandit Sitaram Tiwari and mother Jagrani. Pandit Sitaram Tiwari was then serving in the princely state of Alirajpur (currently located in Madhya Pradesh) and Chandrashekhar Azad spent his childhood in Bhavra village. Due to the insistence of his mother Jagrani Devi, Chandrashekhar Azad had to go to Banaras to study Sanskrit in Kashi Vidyapeeth.

Who killed Azad?

Revolutionary life (Chandrashekhar Azad Biography)

Chandrashekhar Azad was deeply hurt and disturbed by the Jallianwala Bagh massacre in Amritsar in 1919. In 1921, when Mahatma Gandhi started the Non-Cooperation Movement, Chandrasekhar Azad actively participated in this revolutionary activity. He received his first sentence at the age of fifteen. Chandrashekhar Azad was caught for participating in revolutionary activities. When the magistrate asked him his name, he called his name Azad. Chandrasekhar Azad was sentenced to fifteen lashes. Every whip of the whip, young Chandrasekhar shouted "Bharat Mata ki Jai". Since then Chandrashekhar received the title of Azad and became known as Azad. Chandrasekhar Azad, who was working in the freedom movement, vowed that he would never be arrested by the British government and would die the death of independence.

Who betrayed Chandrashekhar Azad?

After the non-cooperation movement was postponed, Chandrasekhar Azad was attracted to more aggressive and revolutionary ideals. He committed himself to liberate the country at any cost. Chandrasekhar Azad, along with his allies, targeted British officers who were known for their repressive policies against ordinary people and freedom fighters. Chandrashekhar Azad was involved in incidents such as the Kakori train robbery (1926), the Viceroy's attempt to blow up the train (1926), and shot Saunders to avenge Lala Lajpat Rai's death in Lahore (1928).

What is the full name of Azad?

Chandrashekhar Azad, together with Bhagat Singh and other patriots like Sukhdev and Rajguru, formed the 'Hindustan Samajwadi Prajatantra Sabha'. Its aim was to apply socialist principles to India's future progress along with India's independence.

Who gave slogan?

How did Chandrashekhar Died? (Chandrashekhar Azad Biography)                                                  

Chandrasekhar Azad became a terror for the British police due to his revolutionary activities. He was on their hit list and the British government somehow wanted to catch him alive or dead. On 27 February 1931, Chandrasekhar Azad went to meet his two colleagues at Alfred Park in Allahabad. One of his informants betrayed him and informed the British police. The police surrounded the park all around and ordered Chandrasekhar Azad to surrender. Chandrasekhar Azad single-handedly killed three policemen while fighting bravely. But when he found himself surrounded and there seemed no way to escape, this heroic son of Mother India shot himself. Thus he kept his vow to never be caught alive. His name is among the big revolutionaries of the country and his supreme sacrifice will always inspire the youth of the country.

Nek Chand Biography In Hindi

Nek Chand Biography In Hindi

Nek Chand Biography In Hindi

When Did Nek Chand Died?

Nek Chand, पूर्ण Nek Chand Saini , (Birth 15 December, 1924, Berian Kalan, Tehsil Shakargarh, India, British Empire [Punjab province, Pakistan] - Death 12 June, 2015, Chandigarh, India),

Is Nek Chand Alive? No

एक किशोर के रूप में, Nek Chand ने चाचा के साथ रहने और हाई स्कूल में भाग लेने के लिए घर छोड़ दिया। , वह अपने परिवार के गाँव लौट आया और किसान बन गया। हालांकि, भारत के विभाजन के बाद जब 1947 में ब्रिटिश शासन समाप्त हुआ, तो Nek Chand के हिंदू परिवार को अपने गांव से भागने के लिए मजबूर होना पड़ा, जो Muslim, Pakistan की सीमाओं के भीतर गिर गया। 1955 में Nek Chand Punjab और Haryana दोनों राज्यों की राजधानी Chandigarh में बस गए।

How has Nek Chand been hailed?

शहर स्वि स वास्तुकार  Le Corbusier द्वारा पुनर्निर्माण किए जाने की प्रक्रिया में था, जिसे Indian Government ने एक महानगरीय राजधानी को खरोंच से डिजाइन करने के लिए चुना था। Nek Chand को लोक निर्माण विभाग में एक सड़क निरीक्षक के रूप में नौकरी मिली। 1958 की शुरुआत में, अपने खाली समय में, Nek Chand ने एक बगीचे के लिए सामग्री एकत्र करना शुरू कर दिया, जो उसने शहर में रहने वाले एक जंगल में इमारत की कल्पना की थी।f Art

Nek Chand Biography In Hindi

What is the contribution of Nek Chand in the World of Art?

18 साल तक उन्होंने शहर और ग्रामीण इलाकों को बाइक से और चट्टानों और पत्थरों को खोजने के लिए, कूड़े के ढेर से पुनर्चक्रित कचरे, और 20 या इतने छोटे गांवों से मलबे को हटा दिया, जो नए शहर बनाने के लिए समतल किए गए थे। 1965 में उन्होंने बगीचे का निर्माण और अंतरिक्ष को व्यवस्थित करना शुरू किया। चूँकि यह सरकार द्वारा संरक्षित सार्वजनिक भूमि थी, जिसे सरकार द्वारा नो-बिल्डिंग ज़ोन के रूप में नामित किया गया था, Nek Chand ने अवैध रूप से, गुप्त रूप से काम किया।

Who is Nek Chand What is his achievement?

1972 में एक सरकारी अधिकारी ने परियोजना की खोज की, और, Nek Chand के बगीचे के लिए समर्थन के सार्वजनिक बहिष्कार के जवाब में - उस बिंदु पर 12 एकड़ (लगभग 5 हेक्टेयर) को कवर किया - सरकार ने इसे नष्ट नहीं किया। इसके बजाय, इसे सरकार की निगरानी में लाया गया था, और Nek Chand को इस परियोजना की देखरेख करने के लिए काम पर रखा गया था और 50 कर्मचारियों को इसके पूरा होने में सहायता करने के लिए दिया गया था। हालांकि 1976 में Rock Garden जनता के लिए खोल दिया गया था, Nek Chand और उनके कर्मचारियों ने Site का निर्माण और विस्तार कुछ 30 एकड़ (लगभग 12 हेक्टेयर) तक जारी रखा।

Why is Nek Chand famous in the World of landscape?

Nek Chand की मूर्तियों में से प्रत्येक - हजारों की संख्या में, जानवरों और मानव, दोनों को धातु के कवच के किसी रूप में, जैसे कि एक पुनर्नवीनीकरण साइकिल के फ्रेम के ऊपर कंक्रीट से बनाया गया था। इसके बाद आंकड़े मिट्टी के बर्तनों और चीनी मिट्टी के बरतन, कांच, बोतल के ढक्कन, या किसी अन्य प्रकार की छोड़ी गई सामग्री के साथ सजे थे, जो बनावट की पेशकश करते थे। वे कड़ी मुद्रा में खड़े हैं, और उनके चेहरे नकाबपोश हैं। Nek Chand ने बड़े करीने से व्यवस्थित समूहों में पूरे बगीचे में आकृतियाँ बनाईं, जिसके परिणामस्वरूप वे कुछ हद तक जमे हुए सेनाओं जैसे दिखते हैं। बगीचे में वास्तुशिल्प विशेषताएं भी शामिल हैं, जैसे कि Plaza, आंगन, मेहराब, आगंतुकों द्वारा उपयोग किए जाने वाले झूलों की एक बड़ी श्रृंखला और एक पत्थर का अखाड़ा। भूनिर्माण, रसीला और जटिल, झरने और बहने वाली धाराएं शामिल हैं।

Who was the Architect of Rock Garden?

Nek Chand और उसका बगीचा राष्ट्रीय खजाने बन गए। 1980 में उन्हें Paris City से Vermin के ग्रैंड मेडल से सम्मानित किया गया था, 1983 में बगीचे को Indian Dak Ticket पर चित्रित किया गया था, और एक साल बाद Nek Chand को भारत के Padma Shree Award (1984, भारत के सर्वोच्च नागरिक पुरस्कारों में से एक) के साथ प्रस्तुत किया गया था। Nek Chand को अन्य जगहों पर उद्यान बनाने के लिए भी नियुक्त किया गया था, विशेष रूप से Washington में National Children Museum में काल्पनिक गार्डन, D.C. (2004 में विघटित), और Europe और United States of America में प्रदर्शनियों का विषय बना रहा।

Guru Gobind Singh Ji Biography

Guru Gobind Singh Ji  Saheb

Guru Gobind Singh Ji  Biography

The life of  Mighty, Great Saint and Spiritual Guru- Guru Gobind Singh Ji is an immense source of inspiration for all of us. Guru Gobind Singh Ji's death anniversary is on 7 October 2020. Let us know about Guru Gobind Singh Ji's great life on this occasion and try to follow the path shown by him.

Brief Introduction

The original name of Guru Gobind Singh was Gobind Rai. Guru Gobind Singh Ji's birth place is said to be Patna, Bihar. Guru Gobind Singh Ji father's name was Guru Tegh Bahadur and mother's name was Gujri Devi. The first four years of Guru Gobind Singh Ji's childhood were spent in Patna. After that, Guru Gobind Singh Ji's family shifted to Punjab in the year 1670.

Nearly two years later, the family of Guru Gobind Singh resided in the Chalak Nanak (Anandpur Sahib) in the Shivalik Hills of the Himalayas. It was here that he learned primary education, language knowledge and martial arts. Growing up, Guru Gobind Singh Ji followed the footsteps of his father and protected Kashmiri Hindus from the Mughals ruler Aurangzeb. Guru Gobind Singh Ji fought in separate wars with the Mughals and their  kingdoms for about 14 years. And lived a life in the works of human society till he lived.

Special Qualities of Guru Gobind Singh Ji Saheb

Sharing spiritual joy among the common people, teaching morality lessons to the people, encouraging and awakening the fearful and scared people to become fearless and mighty were the qualities of Guru Gobind Singh Ji. Guru Gobind Singh Ji was an idol of peace, forgiveness and tolerance. Guru Gobind Singh Ji had acquired knowledge of Sanskrit, Punjabi, Persian and Arabic languages. Many people believe that -

Guru Gobind Singh Ji was a unique confluence of devotion and power.

Guru Gobind Singh was also known as the blue horse. Since Guru Gobind Singh Ji had a blue horse. Guru Gobind Singh Ji was also a thinker and an excellent poet. Guru Gobind Singh Ji also had a special interest in music. It is said that Guru Gobind Singh Ji invented these instruments -

Family of Guru Gobind Singh

Guru Gobind Singh Ji  Saheb

How did Gobind Singh become the tenth Guru of Sikhs?

Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji, Gobind Singh Ji's father was the ninth Guru of the Sikhs. When the Kashmiri Pandits were being forced to forcefully convert to Islam, Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji strongly opposed it and protected the Hindus. He himself refused to accept Islam. For this reason he was beheaded by the King of India Aurangzeb in the Chandni Chowk extension. After this incident his son Guru Gobind Singh was appointed as the tenth Guru of the Sikhs.

The word Khalsa means purity. Only a person committed to social service by mind, word and deed can call himself a Khalsapanthi. Guru Gobind Singh founded the Khalsa Panth in the year 1699. A Khalsa speech by him-

"Waheguru Ji Da Khalsa Waheguru Ji Di Fateh"

Was established and at the same time he established the basic principles of Khalsa Panth.

‘5 k’ or ‘5 kkkkk’ given by Guru Gobind Singh ji
1. Never cut your scalp.
2. Wearing a wood comb which is considered a symbol of cleanliness.
3. Wear hard in hand.
4. Wearing pajamas or knee-length underwear (briefs).
5. To keep the saber (short sword to protect the poor and mazaloom class).

It is said in a line -

Briefs, hair, saber, comb, bracelet

Chamkaur War - In 1704

One million soldiers of the Mughal imperial army faced Guru Gobind Singh with only forty Sikh fighter soldiers. In this fierce battle, Guru Gobind Singh Ji's two sons, Baba Jhujar Singh Ji and Baba Ajit Singh Ji were martyred. Apart from these, two more sons i.e. Fateh Singh and Zorawar Singh were later chosen by the enemies alive in the wall. His mother Mata Gujri Devi ji also died in the time period of this incident.

Other major battles:

1688 - Battle of Bhangani
1691 - Battle of Nandaun
1696 - Battle of Guler
1700 - First Battle of Anandpur Sahib
1701 - Battle of Anandpur Sahib
1702 - Battle of Nirmohgarh
1702 - Battle of Basoli
1704 - Battle of Anandpur
1704 - Battle of Sarsa

Final accompaniment of Guru Gobind Singh

At the last stage of Guru Gobind Singh Ji's life journey, Guru Gobind Singh called Sangat and told the Sikh religious book Guru Granth Sahib on the throne of the Sikh Guru. And said that now no more living person will sit on this throne.

In the coming times, the Sikh society has to seek guidance and inspiration from the book Guru Granth Sahib.

Along with this, Guru Gobind Singh Ji taught the Sikh society to help the oppressed and always conduct decently. In this way Guru Gobind Singh became the last living Guru of the Sikh society.

Death of Guru Gobind Singh

When Aurangzeb died, Bahadur Shah became the next king of India. Guru Gobind Singh also helped to get him the throne. For the same reason, their relationship was friendly. Stunned by the friendship of Bahadur Shah and Guru Gobind Singh, Nawab Wajid Khan of Sarhad had two Pathans who killed Guru Gobind Singh by deceit. Guru Gobind Singh breathed his last on 7 October 1708 at Nanded Sahib, Maharashtra. Guru Gobind Singh had a lifespan of 42 years. One of the two killers of Guru Gobind Singh himself was killed by his own dagger. And the other was killed by the Sikh group. Dagger's sharp blows on his heart led to his death.

special

Guru Gobind Singh compiled the teachings of all Sikh Gurus and mentioned them in the Guru Granth Sahib book and completed it. Guru Gobind Singh also started the tradition of adding the word Singh with the name of Sikhs. Guru Gobind Singh respected people of all religions and varnas and always helped them when needed. At the age of only nine, Gobind Singh inspired his father Guru Tegh Bahadur to protect and sacrifice Kashmiri Hindus.

Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji-Ninth Guru of Sikhs

Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji-Ninth Guru of Sikhs

Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji-Ninth Guru of Sikhs

Guru Tegh Bahadur Singh was a revolutionary era man. He was born Vaisakh Krishna Panchami in Amritsar, Punjab. Guru Tegh Bahadur Sahib's place in world history is unique among those who sacrificed their lives to protect religion and human values, ideals and principles.




At the same time, he learned Gurbani, scriptures as well as weapons and horse riding. Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji was became Guru due to the premature death of Harkrishan Rai Ji (8th Guru of Sikhs).


At the age of just 14, he showed his valor in the war against his father against the attack of the Mughals. Impressed by this heroism, his father named him Tegh Bahadur i.e. the Sword of the Rich.

Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji-Ninth Guru of Sikhs

Peoples got inspired by Guru Tegh Bahadur Singh wherever he went on various places, people not only gave up drug addiction, but also gave up tobacco farming. They liberated the country from the clutches of the wicked with a spirit of protest, prepared for the sacrifices and sacrificed the nefarious intentions of the Mughals.



Of the 15 ragas of Baani composed by Guru Tegh Bahadur Singh Ji, 116 Shabads (including shlokas) are compiled in the Sri Guru Granth Sahib. The ninth Sikh Guru Tegh Bahadur Singh sacrificed to crush the brutal and anti-human policies of the ruling class of his era. Only the person who has attained the 'ultimate in self' can reach the peak of humanity.



Guru Tegh Bahadar Singh sacrificed his all for the protection of religion and religious freedom and in the true sense called 'Chadar of Hind'. Guru Tegh Bahadur Singh possessed human qualities like equality, compassion, love, sympathy, sacrifice and sacrifice along with divine allegiance.


Such a combination of arms and scripture, struggle and disinterest, temporal and supernatural, strategy and ethics, politics and diplomacy, collection and renunciation etc. is rare in medieval literature and history.

Also Read

Guru Nanak Dev Ji 1st Guru Of Sikhs.

Guru Angad Dev Ji 2nd Guru Of Sikhs.

Guru Amar Dass Ji 3rd Guru Of Sikhs.

Guru Ram Dass Ji 4th Guru Of Sikhs.

Guru Arjan Dev Ji 5th Guru Of Sikhs.

Guru Hargibind Sahib Ji 6th Guru Of Sikhs.

Guru Har Rai Ji 7th Guru Of Sikhs.

Guru HarKrishan Dev Ji 8th Guru Of Sikhs.

Sri HarKrishan Sahib Ji Biography

Gurudwara Sri Bangla Sahib Ji

ਸ੍ਰੀ ਹਰਿਕ੍ਰਿਸ਼ਨ ਧਿਆਈਐ ਜਿਸ ਡਿਠੇ ਸਭਿ ਦੁਖ ਜਾਇ ॥

Satguru Harkrishan Sahib Ji, who relieved the sufferings of the people, Guru Harkrishan Ji born on July 7, 1656 AD Kiratpur Sahib his father name Guru Har Rai Sahib Ji and mother name Mata Krishan Kaur Ji. His elder brother was Baba Ram Rai Ji. Due to his high spiritual status, he received the gift of Gurugaddi on 20 October 1661 AD. When he got the Gurugaddi at the young age of five, his elder brother objected and mixed with Mughals and his opponents said  how a child could lead the house of Guru Nanak Sahib at such a young age.

ਸ੍ਰੀ ਹਰਿਕ੍ਰਿਸ਼ਨ ਧਿਆਈਐ ਜਿਸ ਡਿਠੇ ਸਭਿ ਦੁਖ ਜਾਇ ॥

Raja Ram of Ropar came to Guru Ji's court and Guru Sahib refused to meet him. The king asked, then Guru Sahib said that Guru Nanak's house gives life, you give death, you kill newborn babies in your house. The king confessed his sin and apologized. SatGuru Ji graciously blessed him with a Gursikhi life.

ਸ੍ਰੀ ਹਰਿਕ੍ਰਿਸ਼ਨ ਧਿਆਈਐ ਜਿਸ ਡਿਠੇ ਸਭਿ ਦੁਖ ਜਾਇ ॥

When Guru Harkrishan Ji reached at Delhi, Guru Sahib preached to Raja Mirza Jai Singh's queen. At a young age, sitting on the gurugaddi, he conveyed the message of such fearlessness and courage that Emperor Aurangzeb longed for darshans, but Guru Sahib refused,


The plague spread everywhere, the laps of many mothers became numb, death began to fill its lap then Satguru Ji cremated the corpses without any discrimination. He also distributed medicines to alleviate the sufferings of the patients. When the disease was brought under control, . Guru Sahib took pains on his head and settled in the houses of those who were destitute due to death. At last Guru Har Krishan Ji, who had been doing great deeds for a long time, approached the end of time
That is,

 before he passed away, he appointed Guru Tegh Bahadur Sahib Ji his Granduncle as the ninth Guru.

Guru Har Rai The 7th Guru of the Sikhs

Guru Har Rai The 7th Guru of the Sikhs

Guru Har Rai the 7th Guru of the Sikhs

Who was the father of Guru Har Rai Ji

Guru Har Rai, also known as Har Rai, was the 7th Guru of the Sikhs. Apart from being a spiritual and nationalist saint, he was also a warrior. He was born in Punjab. He was married to Kishan Kaur Ji.

Also Read Guru Nanak Dev Ji

What did Guru Har Rai teach ?


His two sons were Guru Ramarai Ji and Harkishan Sahib Ji. Guru Har Rai helped the rebellion of Dara Shikoh, brother of the Mughal ruler Aurangzeb. Guru Har Rai died in 1661 AD.



Who is the Seventh Sikh Guru 

Also Read Guru Angad Dev Ji

Hargobind Sahib, the 6th Guru of the Sikhs, had declared his grandson Har Rai ji as 'Saptam Nanak' at the young age of 14, before his death.

Also Read Guru Amar Dass Ji 

Actually Guru Hargobind Singh had three marriages. From whom a daughter and five sons were born. The eldest son's name was Guru Ditta. Once Guru Hargobind Singh went to the ashram of
Udasi Sant Srichandra.

Also Read Guru Ram Dass Ji

Mahatma Srichandra demanded Guru Ditta from him. And he was declared the successor of his throne after him. Har Rai mother's name was Nihal Kaur, wife of Baba Guru Ditta.

Also Read Guru Arjan Dev Ji

When Guru Hargobind realized that his last time was nearing, he handed over the throne to his grandson. At that time Guru Har Rai was very young.

Also Read Guru Hargobind Sahib Ji

Who are the ten Gurus In order

Guru Hargobind Sahib Ji - the sixth Guru of the Sikhs

Shri Guru Hargobind Sahib Ji

Guru Hargobind was the sixth Guru of the Sikhs

Guru Hargobind Sahib Sakhi in Punjabi

Guru Hargobind Singh started the Arms tradition in Sikhism

Also Read Guru Nanak Dev Ji

 

Guru Hargobind ji was the sixth Guru of the Sikhs. He attained the Guru Gaddi at the age of eleven after the martyrdom of his father Guru Arjan Dev in Lahore. As a child, Guru Hargobind Sahib was educated and supervised by Baba Budha Ji. He was also taught martial arts with knowledge of religious scriptures. He was a master of very influential personality. At the time of occupation of the Gurugaddi, he decorated the beautiful costumes of the Guru Ghar in place of the traditional costumes and wore two swords. He said that one of his swords is a symbol of religion and the other is power. In this way he introduced the concept of Miri and Piri.

Also Read Guru Angad Dev Ji

Guru Hargobind Ji Birthday 2020 5th July 2020

Guru Hargobind nagar Ludhiana

Guru Hargobind Sahib Ji Quotes

Guru Hargobind Sahib Ji in Punjabi

Also Read Guru Amar Dass Ji

Weapon of war

The purpose of wearing their weapons was to protect them from injustice. Guru Hargobind ji also prepared an army of Sikhs in which he selected and recruited warriors. Guru Hargobind Ji composed Shri Akal Takht Sahib right in front of the entrance of Shri Harmandir Sahib in Amritsar to reveal the supremacy of the power of God. This meant that God is the greatest king and earthly powers are immaterial. Guru ji used to listen to Guruvani in Shri Harmandir Sahib in the morning. Would join Nitnem. Later in the afternoon, while sitting on the Akal Takht and discussing with the Sadh Sangat, he used to guide them.

Also Read Guru Ram Dass Ji

Guru Hargobind Sahib Ji Parkash Purab 2020 5th July 2020

Guru Hargobind Sahib Ji released  the hundred  captive kings from Jahangir

Also Read Guru Arjan Dev Ji

Guru Hargobind Sahib Ji Height was about 7'6"

With his weapon skills he protected the life of Emperor Jahangir from the lion. Jahangir fraudulently imprisoned them in the fort of Gwalior. During the two years of imprisonment, Guru Sahib was rejoiced in the meditation of God with complete restraint and patience. When Jahangir ordered him to be released, Guru ji, by placing a condition, also released the hundred captive kings. Guru Hargobind ji made extensive trips to propagate religion. After Jahangir's death, Shah Jahan became the ruler, then he took enmity with Guru Ji. Due to this, Guru Ji faced four wars. He won in all four wars.

Guru Hargobind Public School

Guru Arjan Dev Ji Biography

Guru Arjan Dev Ji 

Sri Guru Arjan Dev Ji Biography and History 

Guru Arjan Dev Ji was the fifth Guru of the Sikhs. He used to preach all religions. He preached to uphold human ideals. Sri Guru Arjan Dev Ji was a great soul.
Seeing the qualities of religious and human values, serene instincts, warm-hardheartedness, dutifulness within him, his father Sri Guru Ramdas ji in 1581 embellished Sri Guru Arjun Dev Ji on the "Guru Gaddi" as the fifth Sikh Guru.

Sri Guru Arjan Dev Ji Biography ! Sri Guru Arjan Dev Ji Biography

Also Read  Guru Nanak Dev Ji Biography

Guru Arjan Dev ji Received Guru Gaddi

Guru Ramdas ji sent his son Guru Arjun Dev ji to Lahore. From there, Guru Arjan Dev ji wrote 3 letters to his father, in which he expressed his desire to meet his father. Guru Ramdas Ji was very happy to receive this letter. He considered Guru Arjan Dev ji worthy of the throne in every way.

He also consulted his brothers Gurdas and Budda ji for this. Guru Ramdas Ji gave five paisa to Guru Arjan Dev Ji in front of the Sikh Sangat. Guru Arjan Dev ji took three circumlocution with money and coconut and bowed down the throne of Guru Nanak. In this way Guru Arjan Dev Ji got Guru Gaddi. He pledged to do good to humanity along with the entire Sikh community.

Also Read Guru Angad Dev Ji 

Marriage

When Guru Arjan Dev Ji turned 16 years old, he was married to Ganga Ji, the daughter of Shri Krishna Chand Ji on 1936 AD (23 Ashadh Samvat). A beautiful Gurudwara still remains at the place where they were married.

Also Read  Guru Amar Dass Ji

The reason for martyrdom of Guru Arjan Dev Ji

Three people were primarily responsible for the martyrdom of Guru Arjan Dev ji - Guruji's elder brother Prithvi Chand, Chandu and Akbar's son Jahangir. Chandu wanted to marry his daughter to Guru Arjan Dev ji's son, but Guruji did not agree to this. Therefore he hated Guru ji.

Guru Arjan Dev Ji's elder brother Prithvi Chand was also jealous of him because he did not get the Guru throne. A few days later Akbar died and his son Jahangir became the ruler of Delhi. Chandu and Guruji's elder brother Prithvi Chand started filling his ears. Jahangir was a staunch Muslim ruler. He only respected the religion of Islam. He did not respect other religions.

He did not like the social and religious work being done by Guru Arjan Dev Ji. It is believed that Jahangir was angry that Guru Arjan Dev ji had given shelter to his rebel son "Shahzada Khusro". Therefore Jahangir wanted to take revenge on Guru Arjan Dev ji. Jahangir told Guru Arjan Dev Ji that you have given shelter to my rebel son.

Therefore, you will have to pay a fine of Rs 2 lakh or else you will be given punishment. When Guru Arjan Dev ji was not ready for this, Chandu proposed to marry his daughter to his son and said that the praise of Mohammad Saheb would have to be written in the Sikh scripture. In this way a fine of Rs 2 lakh will be waived. Both things were refused by Guru Arjan Dev Ji.

Also Read Guru Ram Dass Ji

Renounce body by Guru Arjan Dev Ji

When Guru Arjan Dev ji refused to accept both Chandu's words, he was placed in boiling water in a hot tava. When other Sikhs came to know about this, conflict started between Mughals and Sikhs. Jahangir's soldiers used to kill Sikhs who were coming forward to save them.

Guru Arjan Dev ji told his companions to remain calm and considered it the command of God. Again and again Chandu was asking them to obey what Guruji refused. Chandu also put hot sand on Guru Arjan Dev Ji.

The Guru kept calm and kept uttering the words "Tera bhana Meetha laage,. All his supporters were trampling, but even though he could not save Guru Arjan Dev Ji. Guruji's body was blisters all over. On the third day, Chandu again asked Guruji to accept his terms, which he again refused. This time he placed Guru Ji on a hot iron.

Guru Arjan Dev ji, knowing his last time, asked Chandu to bathe in the Ravi river. He ordered it. Guruji sat down on the banks of Ravi river and started reciting "Japuji Sahib". He told Shri Hari Govind and other colleagues not to grieve after my death. Kartar obeyed. Flowing my body in water is not a ritual.

Guru Arjan Dev ji passed away

After entering the Ravi river, Guru Arjan Dev ji abandoned his body on 30 May 1616 AD (Jyeshtha Sudi Chauth Samvat 1553 Vikrami). A wave of mourning raged around Amritsar that day.

Guru Arjan dev Ji shaheedi gurupurab 2020 26 May2020

Guru Arjan dev Ji gurupurab 2020 26 May2020

Guru Arjan Dev Ji shaheedi

Bani (preaching) recorded in Guru Granth Sahib

Guru Arjan Dev Ji's Bani (sermon) is compiled in 30 ragas in Guru Granth Sahib. In terms of calculation, the maximum number of teachings (sermons) is that of the fifth Guru Shri Arjan Dev Ji. There are a total of 31 ragas in the Guru Granth Sahib Ji, in which all the ragas except Jai Jayavanti Rag are recorded in the Gurbani (sermon) of Guru Arjan Dev Ji. It is compiled as 2218 verses.

Guru Arjan Dev Ji University  It is located in Ludhiana

Guru Arjan Dev Nagar Ludhiana

Emperor Akbar and Guru Arjan Dev Ji

Guru Arjan Dev ji edited the Granth Sahib (sacred scripture of Sikhs). Some people who were jealous of Guru Arjan Dev Ji complained to Emperor Akbar that the Granth Sahib is written against the religion of Islam. Akbar got the matter investigated and he came to know that this complaint is false.

Then he came to know about the greatness of Guru Arjan Dev Ji. Emperor Akbar thanked Guru Arjan Dev ji for the social service work done in Lahore.

Guru Ramdas Ji Biography In HIndi 4th Guru of Sikhs

Golden Temple Amritsar

Guru Ram Das Ji Biography In Hindi

Guru Ram Das  सिख धर्म के दस गुरुओं में से चौथे थे। उन्होंने पहले तीन सिख गुरुओं की विरासत को आगे बढ़ाया और सिख धर्म के विकास में महत्वपूर्ण योगदान दिया। वह विशेष रूप से Ramdaspur की बस्ती को विकसित करने  के लिए श्रद्धा रखते थे, जो सिखों का सबसे पवित्र शहर Amritsar बन गया है। जेठा के रूप में लाहौर में एक सोढ़ी खत्री परिवार में जन्मे, उनका पालन-पोषण दयालु और मेहनती हिंदू माता-पिता ने किया। वह पवित्र पुरुषों की कंपनी की मांग करते थे। एक युवा व्यक्ति के रूप में वे सिखों की एक पार्टी में आए थे, जो गुरु अमर दास को श्रद्धांजलि देने के लिए गोइंदवाल के रास्ते में थे और उनसे जुड़ने का फैसला किया। गुरु से मिलने पर वह परम पावन से प्रभावित हुए और उनके शिष्य बन गए। उन्होंने गुरु की देखरेख में कड़ी मेहनत की और पूरे मनोयोग से उनकी सेवा की। गुरु अमर दास युवक के इस समर्पण से बहुत प्रभावित हुए कि उन्होंने अपनी बेटी की शादी Guru Ram Das जी से कर दी। जेठा भगवान और मानवता की सेवा के लिए पूरी तरह समर्पित एक समर्पित सिख बना रहा जिसने गुरु अमर दास को उनके उत्तराधिकारी के रूप में चुना। जेठा ने अपने पूर्ववर्ती की मृत्यु के बाद गुरु गद्दी को गुरु राम दास के रूप में ग्रहण किया।

Childhood & Early Life

Guru Ram Das का जन्म 9 अक्टूबर 1534 को Chuna mandi , Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan में एक सोढ़ी खत्री परिवार में हुआ था। उनके माता-पिता हरदास और दया वती (जिन्हें अनूप देवी के नाम से भी जाना जाता है) एक मेहनती और धर्मपरायण जोड़े थे।

जेठा एक शांत और खुशमिजाज बच्चा था, जो कम उम्र से ही आध्यात्मिक था। वह पवित्र पुरुषों की संगति में समय बिताना और उनसे सार्थक चर्चा करना पसंद करते थे।

वह एक बार सिखों की एक पार्टी में आए थे, जो गुरु अमर दास को श्रद्धांजलि देने के लिए गोइंदवाल के रास्ते में थे। उसने उनका साथ देने का फैसला किया। आगंतुकों को प्राप्त करने पर, Guru Ram Das ने तुरंत पवित्र युवक के समर्पण पर ध्यान दिया। जेठा भी गुरु से बहुत प्रभावित थे 

Later Life

जब वह पार्टी लाहौर के लिए रवाना हुए, तो जेठा ने वापस रहने और गुरु का शिष्य बनने का फैसला किया।

जेठा एक मजबूत युवा थे जो शारीरिक श्रम की गरिमा में विश्वास करते थे। उन्होंने गुरु की देखरेख में गोइंदवाल में होने वाली विभिन्न निर्माण परियोजनाओं में कड़ी मेहनत की।

समय के साथ उन्होंने अपने आप को गुरु अमर दास की सेवा मे लगा दिया जो उनकी कड़ी मेहनत और दृढ़ संकल्प से बहुत प्रभावित हुए। गुरु ने Guru Ram Das से अपनी बेटी की शादी करने का फैसला किया और शादी 1554 में हुई।

यह Guru Ram Das Ji अपनी शादी के बाद गोइंदवाल में रहे और इस जगह को आने वाले सिख शहर के रूप में विकसित करने में साथ काम किया। उन्होंने बावली साहिब (पवित्र कुएं) के निर्माण में स्वैच्छिक सेवा (सेवा) की और गुरु के लिए अपनी सेवा जारी रखी।

1560 के दशक के अंत में, कुछ ईर्ष्यालु हिंदुओं ने मुगल सम्राट Akbar से शिकायत की कि गुरु अमर दास ने सिख धर्म की शिक्षाओं के साथ हिंदू और मुस्लिम दोनों धर्मों को बदनाम किया। शिकायत मिलने पर, सम्राट ने गोइंदवाल को एक विशेष दूत भेजा जो गुरु अमर दास को उसे देखने के लिए कहा।

गुरु अमर दास अपनी बढ़ती उम्र के कारण व्यक्तिगत रूप से नहीं जा सके लेकिन उन्होंने सिख धर्म के सिद्धांतों की रक्षा करने के बजाय भाई जेठा को भेजा। जेठा ने अकबर से पहले गुरु का सफलतापूर्वक प्रतिनिधित्व किया और मुगल सम्राट की हर क्वेरी का संतोषजनक जवाब दिया। जेठा द्वारा दिए गए स्पष्टीकरण से प्रभावित होकर, अकबर ने गुरु के खिलाफ सभी आरोपों को खारिज कर दिया।

जेठा ने 1564 में सुल्तानविंड गांव के पास संतोखसर सरोवर का निर्माण शुरू किया और रामदासपुर की बस्ती का पता लगाया, जो Amritsar का सिख पवित्र शहर बन गया। Amritsar में उन्होंने गुरुद्वारा हरमंदिर साहिब को डिजाइन किया, जिसे दरबार साहिब या Golden Temple के नाम से भी जाना जाता है।

गुरु अमर दास ने भाई जेठा को अपना उत्तराधिकारी चुना। उन्होंने गुरु राम दास का नाम बदलकर उन्हें 30 अगस्त 1574 को सिख गुरु की उपाधि दी। गुरु अमर दास की मृत्यु 1 सितंबर 1574 को हुई।

Major Works

Guru Ram Das ने सात वर्षों तक सिख नेता के रूप में कार्य किया। उन्होंने कई भजनों की रचना की, जिनमें से 688 गुरु ग्रंथ साहिब में हैं, सिख सर्वोच्च ग्रंथ। उनकी रचनाओं में रेहरास साहिब और कीर्तन सोहिला भी शामिल हैं जो सिखों की दैनिक प्रार्थना हैं।

Guru Ram Das को सबसे पहले Amritsar के पवित्र शहर के संस्थापक के रूप में जाना जाता है, जिसे पहले रामदासपुर के नाम से जाना जाता था। उन्होंने 1574 में तुंग गांव के मालिकों से 700 रुपये में खरीदी गई जमीन पर इसकी स्थापना की। गुरु ने तब गुरुद्वारा हरमंदिर साहिब को डिज़ाइन किया था जो "ईश्वर का निवास" के रूप में अनुवादित होता है। गुरुद्वारा, जिसे अनौपचारिक रूप से Golden Temple के रूप में जाना जाता है, भारत में सबसे प्रसिद्ध पर्यटक आकर्षणों में से एक है।

उन्होंने, Laavan ’सहित कई भजनों की रचना की, विवाह के अर्थ के बारे में चार-छंद का एक भजन। यह भजन मानक सिख विवाह समारोह के दौरान पढ़ा जाता है, जिसे आनंद कारज के नाम से जाना जाता है, जिसके दौरान युगल गुरु ग्रंथ साहिब की परिक्रमा करते हैं क्योंकि Laavan के प्रत्येक श्लोक को पढ़ा जाता है।

Personal Life & Legacy

उनका विवाह गुरु अमर दास की छोटी बेटी बीबी भानी से हुआ था। उनके तीन बेटे थे: पृथ्वी चंद, महादेव और अर्जन। उन्होंने अपने बेटे अर्जन को अपना उत्तराधिकारी चुना।

Guru Ram Das का निधन 1 सितंबर 1581 को पंजाब के अमृतसर शहर में हुआ था।

Also Read  Guru Nanak Dev Ji

 Guru Angad Dev Ji

Guru Amar Das Ji